Vaccination is by far the most effective medical intervention to save lives. WHO has determined that more that 150 millions lives have been spared by vaccination over the last 50 years. Advances in immunology and biotechnology have led to the development of several vaccinations platforms including mRNA to immunize safely and efficaciously against many infectious diseases. Nevetheless, population coverage is still not optimal because of persistant hesitation of a fraction of people worldwide and because vaccines are not made available equally in all parts of the word. All of these issues will be discussed during the conference.